The challenges of researching corporate power: The case of Shell Petroleum Development Company in Nigeria (SPDC)
Abstract
Abstract. The research on Transnational Corporations (TNCs) in Nigeria is encumbered or fraught with methodological challenges. Thus, this paper which relies on desk research, unveils the conceptualization of TNCs, Corporate Powers and the Doctrine of Domicile thereby interrogating the methodological encumbrances – (security, secrecy and access challenges) experienced in conducting researches on the modus operandi of TNCs in Nigeria with focus on Shell Petroleum Development Company in Nigeria (SPDC). The consideration of Transnational Corporations’ exploration of the lacuna created by weak or moribund state institutions, escalating corruption, lack of adequate knowledge of rights and double standards become sacrosanct in bringing about ease in the challenges of researching corporate power. The paper argues that in weak African states, the doctrine of domicile manifests through threat of divestment, undue influence on government, casualization of workers, corrupt practices and tax evasion where corporate power employ hegemonic tendencies in pursuit of its profit maximization drive..
Keywords. Transnational corporations, Liquefied natural gas, Multinational energy corporations, OPEC, SPDC.
JEL. H11, H50, C13, C22.Keywords
References
Abba, A. (1985). The Nigerian Economic Crisis: Causes and Solutions. Academic Staff. Union of Universities (Nigeria). Cited in Ebohon, S.I. (1985), Nigerian Policy Towards Foreign Companies: Case study of the Multinational Pharmaceutical Formulation Plants, (1972-1983), Ph. D. Thesis, Manchester.
Agbonifo, P. (2016). Oil spills injustices in the Niger delta region: Reflections on oil industry failure in relation to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Report, International Journal of Petroleum and Gas Exploration Management, 2(1), 26-37.Amnesty International, (2014). No Progress: An Evaluation of the Implementation of UNEP’s. [Retrieved from].Amnesty International, (2017). A Criminal Enterprise? Shell’s Involvement in Human Rights Violations in Nigeria in the 1990s. [Retrieved from].Amuwo, K., Bach, D.C. & Lebeau, Y. (2001). Nigeria during the Abacha Years (1993-1998): The Domestic and International Politics of Democratization. IFRA Nigeria.
Bennett, R. (1983). Management Research: Guide for Institutions and Professionals, Geneva: International Labour Office.
Clover, N.T., & Balsley, H.L. (1984), Business Research Methods (Management), John Wiley & Sons Inc.
CNN (June 30th, 2010). Nigerians angry at Oil Pollution double Standards. [Retrieved from].
Davis, A. (2006). Prosecutors who intentionally break the law. American University Criminal Law Brief, 1(1), 15-27.
Edoho, F.M. (2007). Oil Transnational Corporations: Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Sustainability, College of Business and professional Studies, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, MO, USA
Edwards, P. (2003). Industrial Relations (2nd edn), Oxford: Blackwell.
Egharevba, E.S., & Ovenseri-Ogbomo, F.O. (2018). Nigerian elite and the culture of primitive accumulation. American Economic & Social Review, 4(1), 8-14.
Erlandson, D.A., Harris, E.L., Skipper, B.L., & Allen, S.D. (1993). Doing Naturalistic Inquiry: A Guide to Methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
European Commission, (2016).Innovation Policy. [Retrieved from].
Fapohunda, T.M. (2012). Employment casualization and degradation of work in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(9), 257-267.
Findley, M., Nielson, D., & Sharmon, J. (2012). Global Shell Games: Testing Money Launderers’ and Terrorist Financiers’ Access to Shell Companies. Brisbane: Political Economy and Development Lab (PEDL). [Retrieved from].
Frynas, J.G., Mellahi, K., & Pigman, G.A. (2006). First mover advantages in international business and firm-specific political resources Strategic Management Journal, 27(4), 321-345. doi. 10.1002/smj.519.
Gilpin, R. (1975a). Three models of the future, International Organization, 2981), 37-60. doi. 10.1017/S0020818300017896
Gilpin, R. (2000). The Challenge of Global Capitalism. The World Economy in the 21st Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Global Financial Integrity, (2015). Anonymous Companies. [Retrieved from].
Global Witness, (2013). The Curious Case of Nigerian Oil Block-OPL245, London: Global Witness.
Global Witness, (2017). Shell Knew: Emails show senior executives at UK’s biggest company knew it was party to a vast bribery Scheme. [Retrieved from].
Greyl, L., Ojo, G.U., Williams, C., Certoma, C., Greco, L., Ogbara, N., & Ohwojeheri , A. (2013). Digging deep corporate liability. Environmental Justice strategies in the world of oil. EJOLT Report No.9. [Retrieved from].
Justin, F. (2015). Stop calling Shell an oil company. Bloomberg. [Retrieved from].
Kaldor, M., Karl, T.L., & Said, Y. (2007). Oil Wars, Pluto Press, London: Ann Arbor, MI.
Makinde, M.A. (2004). Political skepticism: Nigeria and the outside World, Inaugural Lecture Series No.167. Ile-Ife: ObafemiAwolowo University Press Limited. [Retrieved from].
Morgan, G. (2006). Images of Organization. Updated Edition. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage.
Nye, J.S. (1974). Multinational corporations in World politics. Foreign Affairs 53, 153-175.
Soludo, C. (2005). The political economy of sustainable democracy in Nigeria. The 5th Nigeria Democracy Day Lecture Delivered on May 29th, in Abuja. Cited in Nyewusira, V. & Nweke, K. (2014). Nigeria and the attainment of sustainable development in the 21st century, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(4), 645-665. doi. 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n4p645
Otusanya, O.J. (2010). The Role of Multinational Companies in tax evasion and tax avoidance: The case of Nigeria, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 22(3), 316-332. doi. 10.1016/j.cpa.2010.10.005
Oxfam, A. (2001), Harnessing trade for development, [Retrieved from].
Pegg, S. (1999). The cost of doing business: Transnational corporations and violence in Nigeria, Security Dialogue, 30(4), 473-484. doi. 10.1177/0967010699030004008
Rexler, J. (2010). Beyond the oil curse: Shell, state power and environmental regulation in the Niger delta, Stanford Journal of International Relations, 12(1), 26-31.
Rugman, A.M. (2006). International Business, (4th ed.). Harlow UK: Pearson Education Ltd.
Shell Petroleum Development Company Ltd, (1996). Firearms – The Shell Position, Press
Release, 17 January.
Singh, N. (2009). Multinational corporations and their impact on educational policies of a state: A case study of India, Journal of Asian and African Studies, 44(5), 517-535. doi. 10.1177/0021909609340061
Sharman, J.C. (2010). Shopping for anonymous Shell Companies: An audit study of anonymity and crime in the international financial system. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24(4), 127-140. doi. 10.1257/jep.24.4.127
Sklar, R.L. (1975). Corporate Power in an African State: The political Impact of Multinational Mining Companies in Zambia, Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Sklar, R.L. (1979). The nature of class domination in Africa. The Journal of Modern African Studies. 17(4), 531-552. doi. 10.1017/S0022278X00007448
Stauffer, R.B. (1985). States and Transnational Corporations in the Capitalist World Economy: Overview of Theory and Practice. Cited in Uhlin, A. (1988). Transnational corporations as global political actors: A literature review, Cooperation and Conflict, 23(2), 231-247. doi. 10.1177/001083678802300208
Stockman, L., Rowell, A., & Kretzmann, S. (2009). Shell’s Big Dirty Secret: Insight into the World’s Most Carbon intensive Oil Company and the legacy of CEO Jeroen van der Veer, European Union, [Retrieved from].
Thacher, T. (1909). Corporate Powers, Columbia Law Review, 9(3), 243-247. doi. 10.2307/1109090
Todaro, M.P., & Smith, S.C. (2003). Economic Development. 8th Edition, Harlow Pearson Education.
Udo, B., & Adegboyega, A. (2018). Repatriation of $8.1 Billion Profits: MTN, CBN opt for out-of-Court Settlement, Premium Times, December 4.
Uhlin, A. (1988). Transnational corporations as global political actors: A literature review, Cooperation and Conflict, 23(2), 231-247. doi. 10.1177/001083678802300208
UNEP, (2011). Environmental Assessment of Ogoniland. [Retrieved from].
United Nation Centre on Transnational Corporation, (1983). Transnational Corporation in World Development, [Retrieved from].
Whanda, S., Adekola, O., Adamu, B., Yahaya, S., & Pandey, P. C. (2016). Geo-spatial analysis of oil spill distribution and susceptibility in the Niger delta region of Nigeria. Journal of Geographic Information System, 8, 438-456. doi. 10.4236/igis.2016.84037
World Investment Report, (1994). Transnational Corporations Employment and the Workplace, United Nations, New York and Geneva.
World Investment Report, (2000). Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions and Development, UNCTAD, Geneva. [Retrieved from].
Zak, S. (2012). International marketing: Theory, practices and new trends. Prague Economic Papers, 21(2), 251-254. doi. 10.18267/j.pep.422
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1453/jepe.v6i2.1870
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Journal of Economics and Political Economy - J. Econ. Pol. Econ. - JEPE - www.kspjournals.org
ISSN: 2148-8347
Editor: [email protected] Secretarial: [email protected] Istanbul - Turkey.
Copyright © KSP Library