http://kspjournals.org/index.php/TER/issue/feedTurkish Economic Review2023-08-07T02:09:47Arabic Standard TimeBilal Kargıter@ksplibrary.orgOpen Journal Systemshttp://kspjournals.org/index.php/TER/article/view/2455Front Matter2023-08-03T12:57:44Arabic Standard TimeEconSciences Journalsjournals@econsciences.comFront MatterCopyright (c) 2023 Turkish Economic Reviewhttp://kspjournals.org/index.php/TER/article/view/2446Venezuela’s tragic meltdown2023-08-03T12:57:44Arabic Standard TimeSteve H. HANKEsshanke@jhu.edu<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Mr. Chairman, thank you for this opportunity to express my views on “Venezuela’s Tragic Meltdown.” A great deal of the commentary on the topic is polemical, and more-or-less political and ideological self-justifications of one sort or another. In consequence, the discourse is often confused and confusing. In an attempt to bring some clarity to the topic, I will focus on the one necessary condition that must be satisfied before the Venezuelan economy can be turned around. Inflation must be stopped before stability can be established. Stability might not be everything, but everything is nothing without stability.</p><p><strong>Keywords.</strong> Currency board, dollarization, monetary reform, Venezuela.</p><strong>JEL. </strong>E50; E42; P21.Copyright (c) 2023 Turkish Economic Reviewhttp://kspjournals.org/index.php/TER/article/view/2447Subsistence-(Threshold) payoff and truncated risk preferences2023-08-03T12:57:45Arabic Standard TimeAna Paula MARTINSapm@ucp.pt<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A measure of aversion to a risk akin to the risk premium is the required payoff truncation – a probability level, or a point of the distribution range - of the – null mean - risk distribution that allows an expected utility equal to the deterministic level. For a small risk – a noise of null expected value - added to the argument of an utility function, it is straight-forward to show that – for a risk-averse individual - such subsistence probability equals the conventional risk-premium over the symmetric of the worst possible outcome. However, both measures do not take into account aversion (or proneness) to risk in the utility distribution itself – they apply to expected utility maximizers. Maxmin behaviour and quantile preferences, applicable in the presence of uncertainty (or non-cooperative opponents) rather than risk, can be suggested to circumvent the problem. An alternative theory – constrained expected utility - relies on the use the expected utility over the upper truncated distribution (lower - or doubly truncated - in case of risk-loving behavior) at a given (individual specific) truncation point, or probability level. Then, a conventionally defined risk-premium weighs both the truncation bias and risk dispersion. Such distinction also applies if preference truncation – or rather, “trimming” - is (instead) accompanied by a switch of probability mass to tail “focal” points. Then, if the latter are sufficiently extreme, the effect on attitude towards risk may be reversed relative to standard preference truncation: lower trimming enhancing risk-aversion, upper one reducing it. Applications of truncated principles to mean-variance “utility” preferences – and risk-loving attitudes - were also briefly outlined. Illustrations for normal and uniform risks were often appended.</p><p><strong>Keywords.</strong> Subsistence-payoff; Non-expected utility theories; Constrained expected utility; Truncated preferences towards risk; Maxmin, maxmax; Trimmed preferences towards risk; Focal points; Mean – variance(-utility) preferences; “Trimmed” normal (with tail focal points) distribution; Triangular distribution; Triangular preferences.</p><strong>JEL. </strong>D81; C10; C16; C24; D11.Copyright (c) 2023 Turkish Economic Reviewhttp://kspjournals.org/index.php/TER/article/view/2448Anomic attitudes as results of objectification of the risk among Douala-Yaounde-Bafoussam-Douala intercity carrers: A psychosocial and economic impact study2023-08-07T02:09:47Arabic Standard TimeSabine Célestine ETA-FOUDA BIDZOAsabeta2011@yahoo.fr<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The main characteristic of economically advanced societies is the densification of movements both within and outside different countries. People and goods' movements go hand in hand with the necessity for security. The issue of road safety revolves around the fight against road accidents. It involves combining the necessary resources to prevent traffic accidents or mitigate their consequences if they still occur. This research is based on the following central question: what is the level of impact of risk objectification on anomic attitudes regarding road safety among intercity public transport drivers in Cameroon? It examines the development of the social representation of risk among drivers to highlight the underlying mental posture that leads to deviant behaviors on the road.</p><p><strong>Keywords.</strong> Anomic attitudes; Objectification; Risk; Economic impact.</p><strong>JEL. </strong>E50; E42; P21.Copyright (c) 2023 Turkish Economic Reviewhttp://kspjournals.org/index.php/TER/article/view/2449A mixed-method approach study in Brazil Congress: The vote on matters of high degree of technical complexity2023-08-03T12:57:46Arabic Standard TimePaula Gonçalves Ferreira SANTOSpaula_goncalves@yahoo.com.brCopyright (c) 2023 Turkish Economic Review